{"id":1281,"date":"2014-06-27T20:27:06","date_gmt":"2014-06-28T03:27:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/?page_id=1281"},"modified":"2017-04-21T12:56:26","modified_gmt":"2017-04-21T19:56:26","slug":"home","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/?page_id=1281","title":{"rendered":"Colour Assignment"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:30px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:20px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-margin-top:-50px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-background-color:#59cdd8;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:2.56%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:2.56%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom:20px;\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h2 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h2><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Colour Assignment<\/span><\/h2><\/h2><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">This paper was written by <a style=\"color: #ffffff;\" title=\"Contact\" href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/?page_id=293\">Joe Hallock<\/a> in 2003 and was the final deliverable for his undergraduate thesis at the University of Washington. New Media Communications 498.<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-bg-parallax\" data-bg-align=\"right center\" data-direction=\"right\" data-mute=\"false\" data-opacity=\"100\" data-velocity=\"-0.3\" data-mobile-enabled=\"false\" data-break_parents=\"0\" data-bg-image=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/f2-1-4.png\" data-bg-repeat=\"false\" ><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container faded-background fusion-parallax-right nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-background-position:right center;--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:50px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-margin-top:30px;--awb-margin-bottom:30px;--awb-background-size:cover;\" ><div class=\"fullwidth-faded\" style=\"--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);--awb-background-position:right center;--awb-background-image:url(http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/f2-1-4.png);--awb-background-size:cover;\" ><\/div><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_2_3 2_3 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:66.666666666667%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:2.88%;--awb-width-medium:66.666666666667%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:2.88%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">This paper was is part of a research project with the goal of discovering cultural similarities (and differences) based on color association, preference, and internet activities. I posted a survey in late January 2003 with the goal of obtaining 500+ results. My initial hope was that with 500 responses there would be enough data from cultures outside the United States that the comparison of two or more cultures would be possible. When I closed the survey in early March 2003 I had only gathered 232 results (79.3% coming from the USA and the other ~20% divided amongst 21 other countries).<\/p>\n<p class=\"text\" style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"justify\">With a noticeable lack of international data, the aforementioned cultural comparisons were not justified. Moreover, the time constraints of a short winter quarter at the University of Washington have provided sufficient motivation to alter the focus of my research.<\/p>\n<p class=\"text\" style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"justify\">Cultural similarities and differences will not be included in this project (although I hope that someday\u2026someone might pick up where I left off); nevertheless, the research focuses on four sections: First, words like trust, quality, and desperation (to name a few) and the colors the participants associated with these words will be examined. The goal of this section will be to discover trends (or lack thereof) between a standard list of colors and a list of words that may (at first look) seem to have no association with any color. Second, correlations between the aforementioned color sets and published research on color preference are investigated. Related to this, the next section will examine color psychology and some possible reasons for the color choices by the participants. Examining differences, and similarities, between already published information and the survey results will help present a qualitative perspective of the data collected in the color questionnaire. The fourth (and final) step is to correlate these results to online activities. In the survey, questions regarding the importance of a variety of online activities (e.g. shopping &amp; communicating, to name a few) were asked, and this part of the project will focus on possible color combinations to help designers make better color choices for using, or not using, specific colors.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><h6 style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 2.1<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0color wheel 1<\/h6>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:20px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-background-color:#f1f1f1;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Read me<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><p><span class=\"text\">Unlike most formal academic research projects, this study is published as a web site. A web site can reflect the qualities found in a traditional research paper (e.g. an introduction, methods, results, parenthetical references, etc.) as well as the qualities of a dynamic document. This research project allows you to navigate through the document using several paths. If you wish to navigate the document in a non-linear fashion you can use the navigation buttons at the top of each page to jump to any of the sections. If you wish to read this study in a linear fashion you can use the \u201cNext\u201d and \u201cPrevious\u201d buttons at the bottom of each page. Using these buttons will take you (in order) through the entire project much like turning the pages of a book. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"text\">If you have any questions, see any mistakes, or just want to communicate with me, you can reach me through my <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/contact.html\">contact form<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:#e6e6e6;\" id=\"method\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:9.6%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:9.6%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-3 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Navigation<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-1 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-4\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-1-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-1\" class=\"menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-7957\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7957\"><a href=\"#\">Start<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-7948\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7948\"><a href=\"#edu\">Color Education<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-7949\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7949\"><a href=\"#methodology\">Methodology<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-7950\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7950\"><a href=\"#associations\">Associations<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-7951\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7951\"><a href=\"#pref\">Preferences<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-6 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-2 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-5\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-association-menu-2-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-association-menu-2\" class=\"menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-7952\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7952\"><a href=\"#phych\">Psychology<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-7953\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7953\"><a href=\"#online\">Online activities<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-7954\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7954\"><a href=\"#conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-7955\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7955\"><a href=\"#datasets\">Data sets<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-7956\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7956\"><a href=\"#credits\">Credits<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-5 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:40px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-background-color:#ffffff;\" id=\"edu\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-7 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-4 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Color education<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-8 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\"><p>Color is generally defined as the characteristic of any object that\u2019s described in terms of hue, lightness, and saturation. In 1666 Sir Isaac Newton, (Mr. Gravity) through experiments with a prism, laid a scientific foundation for understanding color. Newton showed that a prism could break up white light into a range of colors, which he called the spectrum.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px;width:100%;\"><\/div><a class=\"awb-lightbox awb-lightbox-1\" href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/f1-1.png\" data-caption=\"Full spectrum of visible light - \" data-rel=\"iLightbox\"><img src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/f1-1_small.png\" alt=\"Full spectrum of visible light\"><\/a><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 1.1<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0Visible Spectrum<\/h6>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:30px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-7\"><p>Newton noted that the spectrum was continuous, but decided to use seven color names (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet) by analogy with the seven notes of the musical scale. <span class=\"real-small-text\">(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">Britannica: &#8220;<em>color<\/em>&#8220;<\/a>)<\/span> Although Newton stated that there were seven colors in the spectrum, he realized that colors other than those in the spectral sequence do exist, but noted that:<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-8\"><blockquote>\n<p>All the colors in the universe which are made by light, and depend not on the power of imagination, are either the colors of homogeneal lights (i.e., spectral colors), or compounds of these. <span class=\"real-small-text\">(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">Britannica: &#8220;<em>color<\/em>&#8220;<\/a>)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-9\"><p>There are three categories for color types. First, primary colors consist of red, blue, and yellow. Combinations (or as Newton put it \u201ccompounds\u201d) of these fall into the other two categories: secondary colors and tertiary colors <span class=\"real-small-text\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">(Color Harmony 16)<\/a><\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-9 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:9.6%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:9.6%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-10 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:9.6%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:9.6%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" title=\"f1-2\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/f1-2.gif\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7914\"\/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-10\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Color Wheel<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-11\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 1.2<\/a><br \/>\nColor Wheel 2<\/h6>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-11 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:9.6%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:9.6%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-2 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" title=\"f1-3\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/f1-3.gif\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7915\"\/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-12\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Primary Colors<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-13\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 1.3<\/a><br \/>\nPrimary Colors<\/h6>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-12 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:9.6%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:9.6%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-3 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" title=\"f1-4\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/f1-4.gif\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7916\"\/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-14\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Secondary Colors<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-15\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 1.4<\/a><br \/>\nSecondary Colors<\/h6>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-13 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:9.6%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:9.6%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-4 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" title=\"f1-5\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/f1-5.gif\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7917\"\/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-16\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Tertiary Colors<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-17\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 1.5<\/a><br \/>\nTertiary Colors<\/h6>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-14 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-15 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-18\"><p>Britannica Online notes that there are three attributes that sufficiently distinguish one color from all other perceived colors. First, the hue is that aspect of color usually associated with terms such as red, orange, yellow, and so on. Second, saturation (also known as chroma, or tone) refers to relative purity. When a pure, vivid, strong shade of blue is mixed with a variable amount of white, weaker or paler blues are produced, each having the same hue but a different saturation. Lastly, light of any given combination of hue and saturation can have a variable brightness or intensity, which is dependent on the level of energy present <span class=\"real-small-text\">(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">Britannica: &#8220;<em>color<\/em>&#8220;<\/a>)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Chromatic, nonchromatic, and achromatic colors are visible to the human eye. Chromatic colors are the ones defined by Newton (e.g. red, indigo, yellow). Examples of nonchromatic colors are brown, pink, and magenta. Achromatic colors are applied to black, grey, and white. Britannica Online states that according to some reports, humans can distinguish some 10 million colors, all of which derive from two types of light mixture: additive and subtractive. Additive mixture involves the addition of spectral components and subtractive mixture concerns the subtraction (or absorption) of parts of the spectrum <span class=\"real-small-text\">(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">Britannica: &#8220;<em>color<\/em>&#8220;<\/a>)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:10px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-5 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"242\" title=\"f1-6\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/f1-6.gif\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7920\"\/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-19\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 1.6<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0Color Mixture<\/h6>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:30px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-20\"><p class=\"text\" align=\"justify\">The three additive colors are red, green, and blue. By additively mixing these colors in varying amounts almost all other colors can be produced. Moreover, when the three primary colors are mixed together in equal amounts white is produced.<\/p>\n<p class=\"text\" align=\"justify\">Subtractive color mixing involves the absorption and selective transmission or reflection of light. This usually happens when mixing colorants like pigments or dyes or when colored filters are used to cover a beam of light <span class=\"real-small-text\">(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">Britannica: &#8220;<em>color<\/em>&#8220;<\/a>)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-6 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:#fffd43;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-16 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-5 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\" style=\"--awb-sep-color:#ffc107;\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#ffc107;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3 style=\"text-align: left;\">Light<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#ffc107;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-17 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-21\"><p><span class=\"text\">In the field of physics, color is associated specifically with electromagnetic radiation of a range of wavelengths visible to the human eye. The radiation of these wavelengths comprises that portion of the electromagnetic spectrum also known as the visible spectrum (i.e. light) <\/span><span class=\"real-small-text\">(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">Britannica: &#8220;<em>color<\/em>&#8220;<\/a>)<\/span><span class=\"text\">. Light, a small piece of the electromagnetic spectrum is the only visible form of electromagnetic radiation. Light has common characteristics with both waves and particles. It can be thought of as a stream of minute energy packets radiated at varying frequencies in a wave motion <\/span><span class=\"real-small-text\">(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">Britannica: &#8220;<em>color<\/em>&#8220;<\/a>)<\/span><span class=\"text\">. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"text\">A wavelength (the distance between corresponding points of two consecutive waves) is often expressed in units of nanometers (or 1 nm = 10^-9 meters). The wavelengths that make up visible light range from about 400 nm at the violet end of the spectrum to 700 nm at the red end. In an interesting side note, the limits of the visible spectrum are not exact for the human race. All humans have different exact upper and lower limits within the spectrum. As wavelengths get shorter the spectrum extends to include ultraviolet and continues through X-rays, gamma rays, and cosmic rays. As wavelengths get longer infrared rays (which can be felt as heat), microwaves, and radio waves are included in the spectrum <\/span><span class=\"real-small-text\">(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">Britannica: &#8220;<em>color<\/em>&#8220;<\/a>)<\/span><span class=\"text\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-7 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-18 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-6 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Measuring color<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-19 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-22\"><p>The measurement of color is known as colorimetry. It is difficult to describe the color of a specific spectral energy distribution because the eye perceives only a single color for any given energy distribution. So, to measure color it is necessary to express color measurements using a perception-related method. One method is called the tristimulus system. This system is based on visually matching a color under standardized conditions against the three primary colors (red, yellow, and blue). The three results (called tristimulus values) are expressed as X, Y, and Z respectively. Such data can be graphically represented on a chromaticity diagram (see figure 1.7)<span class=\"real-small-text\">(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">Britannica: &#8220;<em>color<\/em>&#8220;<\/a>)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-6 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"390\" height=\"370\" title=\"f1-7\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/f1-7.gif\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7932\"\/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-23\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 1.7<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0Chromaticity Diagram<\/h6>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-24\"><p>This diagram is based on the values of x, y, and z (where x = X\/(X+Y+Z), y = Y\/(X+Y+Z), and z = Z\/(X+Y+Z)). Furthermore, because x + y + z = 1, if two values are known, the third can always be calculated and the z value is usually omitted. The x and y values together constitute the chromaticity of a sample <span class=\"real-small-text\">(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">Britannica: &#8220;<em>color<\/em>&#8220;<\/a>)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-8 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:#e6e6e6;\" id=\"method\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-20 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:9.6%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:9.6%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-7 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Navigation<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-21 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-3 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-4\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-1-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-2\" class=\"menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7957\"><a href=\"#\">Start<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7948\"><a href=\"#edu\">Color Education<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7949\"><a href=\"#methodology\">Methodology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7950\"><a href=\"#associations\">Associations<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7951\"><a href=\"#pref\">Preferences<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-22 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-4 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-5\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-association-menu-2-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-association-menu-3\" class=\"menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7952\"><a href=\"#phych\">Psychology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7953\"><a href=\"#online\">Online activities<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7954\"><a href=\"#conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7955\"><a href=\"#datasets\">Data sets<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7956\"><a href=\"#credits\">Credits<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-9 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:0px;--awb-padding-right:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:0px;--awb-background-color:#59cdd8;\" id=\"methodology\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1200px + 0px );margin-left: calc(-0px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-0px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-23 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:10px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:0px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:0px;--awb-spacing-left-small:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-8 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h1><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Methodology<\/span><\/h1><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-10 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-24 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-9 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Participants<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-25 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-25\"><p>The study includes results from 232 people from 22 countries. The mean age of this group is 30.34 with the youngest being 15 and the eldest being 81. For the purposes of this study, 6 age groups were established: 1-18, 19-24, 25-35, 36-50, 51-69, and 70 and older. Please see figure 3-1 for a graphical representation of the number of participants in the aforementioned age groups.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-7 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"724\" height=\"485\" alt=\"Age Distribution\" title=\"Age Distribution\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-1.48.40-PM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7966\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-1.48.40-PM-200x134.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-1.48.40-PM-400x268.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-1.48.40-PM-600x402.png 600w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-1.48.40-PM.png 724w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 724px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-26\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 3.1<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0Age groups<\/h6>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-27\"><p>Both sexes were represented in this study. Females accounted for 144 survey results and males accounted for 88. The unequal distribution between the sexes relates to the procedures for presenting the survey to the public. (see the \u201cProcedures\u201d section below for more details)<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-8 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"543\" height=\"437\" alt=\"Gender distribution\" title=\"Gender distribution\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-2.41.23-PM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7976\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-2.41.23-PM-200x161.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-2.41.23-PM-400x322.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-2.41.23-PM.png 543w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 543px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-28\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 3.2<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0Gender<\/h6>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-11 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-26 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-10 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>The survey<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-27 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-29\"><p>The survey consists of 28 questions. The first three ask for geographic, age, and gender information. Questions 4-15 ask for color association information. All the color association questions require that the participant associate something to one of the following colors: Black, Blue, Brown, Green, Grey, Orange, Purple, Red, White, or Yellow. The colors were listed in alphabetical order and included a small example of the colors in question. The aforementioned colors are listed in Osgood\u2019s atlas of affective meaning as colors that carry a high affective value (<em><a class=\"real-small-text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">Cross-Cultural Universals of Affective Meaning<\/a><\/em>). Questions 16 and 17 ask the participant to give their favorite and least favorite color of the colors listed (same colors as questions 4-15). And the last set of questions (18-28) ask the participant to rate from 1 to 5 the frequency they use (or perform) one of the listed specific Internet activitites. A score of 1 correlates to not performing that activity at all and a score of 5 correlates to performing that activity \u201call of the time.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-28 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-29 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-11 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h4>The Questions included in the Survey:<\/h4><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-30 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:9.6%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:9.6%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-31 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-30\"><ul>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">What country best represents your culture?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">What is your age?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Gender<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Which do you think best represents something cheap \/ inexpensive?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Which color do you think best represents reliability \/ dependability?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Which color best represents trust?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Which color best represents security?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Which color best represents speed?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Which color best represents fun?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Which color best represents high-quality?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Which color best represents high-technology?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Which color best represents loneliness \/ desperation?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Which color best represents fear \/ terror?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Which color best represents disease \/ health problems?<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Which color best represents courage \/ bravery?<\/p>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-32 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-31\"><ul>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Which is your least favorite color?<\/p>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Please rate from 1 to 5 the frequency with which you perform the following activities. 5 is very often, and 1 means that you don&#8217;t perform this activity at all.<br \/>\nNumber code:<br \/>\n1 = &#8220;Not at all.&#8221;<br \/>\n2 = &#8220;Very rarely&#8221;<br \/>\n3 = &#8220;Sometimes&#8221;<br \/>\n4 = &#8220;Often&#8221;<br \/>\n5 = &#8220;All the time.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Shopping<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Communicate (e-mail, chat, message boards, etc.)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Research (work \/ school)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Selling goods (e.g. ebay.com)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Get the latest news<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Get the latest weather report<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Play games<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Download and\/or listen to music<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Download and\/or watch movies<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Express yourself (visual art) \u2013 (e.g. display art, photography, etc.)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"text-nos-pace\">Express yourself (written word) \u2013 (e.g. stories, poetry, etc.)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-12 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-33 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-12 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Pretest<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-34 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-32\"><p>A short pretest took place from January 24th to January 30th. The web form was tested in multiple browsers (e.g. Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.0, 5.0, 6.0 (all for Microsoft Windows (version 5.0 for Mac), Netscape 4.7, 6.x, and 7.x for Microsoft Windows, Red Hat Linux, Phoenix .5 for Microsoft Windows and Linux platforms, and Safari Public Beta v60 for Apple computers.<\/p>\n<p>The web form was also tested under multiple submission conditions. That\u2019s when two people submit results simultaneously. This was to ensure that the data submitted would collect without error under moderate traffic. Once the form was working properly, the questions were presented to a small group of people. Some minor changes were made to correct errors and to better word questions (e.g. changing the first question from \u201cWhat country are you from?\u201d to \u201cWhat country best represents your culture?\u201d). Because this project began with the intention to compare and contrast cultural differences and similarities between assorted culture groups, the choice to re-word some of the questions was necessary. Although the focus of the project changed (due to the type of results gathered) the results that were collected still supplied enough information to examine other interesting comparisons.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-13 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-35 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-13 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Procedures<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-36 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-33\"><p>Participants learned about the survey through several forms of online communication and verbal communication. The majority of the participants learned of the survey through email campaigns and posts on educational message boards. The link to the survey was also listed on multicultural public message boards as well as some international (culturally focused) message boards in Germany, Hong Kong, the Philippines, and Canada. This was an attempt to earn results from non-US publics. Aside from these online communications, several phone calls were made to colleagues in different vocational environments. These verbal advertisements were made during the last third of the survey\u2019s public timeline. As stated on the homepage, the goal was to obtain 500 submissions and once failure of reaching that goal set in, phone calls were made to help supply enough results to top out above 200.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-14 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:#e6e6e6;\" id=\"method\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-37 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:9.6%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:9.6%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-14 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Navigation<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-38 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-5 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-4\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-1-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-3\" class=\"menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7957\"><a href=\"#\">Start<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7948\"><a href=\"#edu\">Color Education<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7949\"><a href=\"#methodology\">Methodology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7950\"><a href=\"#associations\">Associations<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7951\"><a href=\"#pref\">Preferences<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-39 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-6 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-5\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-association-menu-2-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-association-menu-4\" class=\"menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7952\"><a href=\"#phych\">Psychology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7953\"><a href=\"#online\">Online activities<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7954\"><a href=\"#conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7955\"><a href=\"#datasets\">Data sets<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7956\"><a href=\"#credits\">Credits<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-15 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:0px;--awb-padding-right:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:0px;--awb-background-color:#7fba00;\" id=\"associations\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1200px + 0px );margin-left: calc(-0px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-0px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-40 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:10px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:0px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:0px;--awb-spacing-left-small:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-15 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h1><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Associations<\/span><\/h1><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-16 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-41 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-16 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>About<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-42 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-34\"><p>Associations with color are defined, in part by Faber Birren (the author of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy<\/em><\/a>) by our senses, language, objects (or forms), and personality characteristics. color conveys moods which attach themselves to human feelings and our psychic make-up in an almost automatic fashion. This section presents the results of color associations and how they compare to other published studies.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-17 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-43 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-17 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Senses<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-44 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-35\"><p>In association with touch, colors appear warm, cool, dry, and wet (to name a few). Birren states that this reaction is inherent in the psychological make-up of most humans and that perhaps it&#8217;s built upon the association of earthly elements such as the sun, fire, water, sky, and even deserts (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 168<\/em><\/span><\/a>). Birren\u2019s research gained support for the associations with \u2018warm\u2019 colors in 1940 by the <em>Bulletin of the American Physical Society<\/em>. S. M. Newhall, a researcher (and author) performed a study where he used 50 color samples to solicit responses from 297 observers to find out what colors best represented warm and cool. Newhall stated in his findings that, \u201cthe \u2018warmest\u2019 judgments show a minor mode in the violet\u2026but a strikingly major mode in the red-orange region. The \u2018coolest\u2019 judgments exhibit no such marked mode, but range irregularly all the way from yellow through green and blue to purple.\u201d (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 168<\/em><\/span><\/a>) Birren replied to this study by writing, \u201cIn other words, a color such as red-orange is perceived an unquestionable \u2018warm\u2019 by most persons. And greater latitude is shown toward \u201ccool\u201d hues, for green may express quality to some, blue to others, and violet to still other.\u201d Later Birren states that because red will stimulate the autonomic nervous system, blue (or colors of similar energy levels) will tend to relax the nervous system. Thus the reason for a variety of colors with associations to \u2018cool\u2019 correlate to the number of colors in a specific energy range (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 169<\/em><\/span><\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-18 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-45 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-18 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Language<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-46 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-36\"><p>The English language abounds with expressions pointing to connections between colors and emotions. It is possible, for instance, to be purple with rage or green with envy. Sometimes one sees the world through rose-tinted glasses; at other times one is feeling blue (Color and Emotions, 1). Bradford J. Hall, the author of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><em>Among Cultures: The Challenge of Communications<\/em><\/a>, defines language as, \u201cLanguage is a rule-governed symbol system that allows users to generate meaning and in the process, to define reality.\u201d By this definition alone, we can see that words that convey color bring meaning to the person deriving information from that word. The survey asked for the participants to correlate a specific color to types of words that don\u2019t inherently assume to be linked to any specific color. These words include, trust, security, speed, and high-technology. The word trust is defined by the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><em>American Heritage\u00ae Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition<\/em><\/a> as a Firm reliance on the integrity, ability, or character of a person or thing. Below is a graphical representation of the survey results for the word \u2018trust.\u2019<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-9 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"603\" height=\"538\" title=\"Colors associated with Trust\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-2.41.36-PM.png\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7977\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-2.41.36-PM-200x178.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-2.41.36-PM-400x357.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-2.41.36-PM-600x535.png 600w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-2.41.36-PM.png 603w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 603px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-37\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 4.1<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0Color associations with Trust<\/h6>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-38\"><p class=\"text\" align=\"justify\">As you can see, the color blue gathered the most results from the participants. Birren correlated the color blue to the emotional feeling of sadness or depression (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 170<\/em><\/span><\/a>). This came about, Birren continues, because the color blue once referred to the insane, then expanded to symbolize mental depression in a general sense. A correlation between sadness and trust couldn\u2019t be found, therefore, for the purposes of this study, this represents the first contradiction between published research and this survey.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span class=\"text\">The next word \u2018security\u2019 shares close relational ties (in terms of definition) to the previous word \u2018trust.\u2019 The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><em>American Heritage\u00ae Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition<\/em><\/a> defines security as Freedom from risk or danger; safety. One could say that without trust, security is hard to establish. Below is a graphical representation of the survey results for the word \u2018security.\u2019<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-10 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"752\" height=\"563\" alt=\"Colors associated with Security\" title=\"Colors associated with Security\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.25.45-PM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7981\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.25.45-PM-200x150.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.25.45-PM-400x299.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.25.45-PM-600x449.png 600w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.25.45-PM.png 752w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 752px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-39\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 4.2<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0Color associations with Security<\/h6>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-40\"><p class=\"text\" align=\"justify\">\u2018Speed\u2019 is noted by Birren as a subjective impression for the color red in his Modern American Color Association table (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 143<\/em><\/span><\/a>). Below is a graphical representation of the survey results for the word \u2018speed.\u2019<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-11 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"676\" height=\"556\" title=\"Colors associated with speed\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.27.03-PM.png\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7982\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.27.03-PM-200x164.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.27.03-PM-400x329.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.27.03-PM-600x493.png 600w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.27.03-PM.png 676w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 676px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-41\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 4.3<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0Color Associations with Speed<\/h6>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-42\"><p class=\"text\" align=\"justify\">It\u2019s easy to see that red dominated the results of this question. Red is considered to carry the association of intensity, rage, rapacity, and fierceness (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 143<\/em><\/span><\/a>). Furthermore, R. Gerard, the author of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><em>Differential effects of colored lights on psychophysiological functions<\/em><\/a>, maintained that \u201cthe color red and the emotion of anger both have an energizing effect that calls for actions and are therefore linked to each other.\u201d Taking this statement into account, one could say that the word speed carries the same \u201ccall for action\u201d that anger does (although the type of action may be different).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-19 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-47 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-19 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Objects<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-48 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-43\"><p>People tend to associate colors with the quality of objects they purchase. People will associate colors to objects that represent themselves like a new car, a home, or even a business suite. In the survey, several questions were asked with regards to colors and quality. The first question correlates color to the word(s) cheap and\/or inexpensive. Below is a graphical representation of the survey results:<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-12 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"631\" height=\"509\" alt=\"Colors associated with Cheap or Inexpensive goods and services\" title=\"Colors associated with Cheap or Inexpensive goods and services\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.29.18-PM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7984\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.29.18-PM-200x161.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.29.18-PM-400x323.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.29.18-PM-600x484.png 600w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.29.18-PM.png 631w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 631px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-44\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 4.4<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0Color Associations with Cheap \/ Inexpensive<\/h6>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-45\"><p>It\u2019s clear that colors like orange, yellow, and brown are heavily associated with something cheap and\/or inexpensive. What\u2019s interesting about this pie chart is that it closely correlates to the pie chart presenting the participants least favorite colors:<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-13 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"662\" height=\"515\" alt=\"Least favorite color\" title=\"Least favorite color\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.36.56-PM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7986\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.36.56-PM-200x156.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.36.56-PM-400x311.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.36.56-PM-600x467.png 600w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.36.56-PM.png 662w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 662px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-46\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 4.5<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0Least favorite color<\/h6>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-47\"><p>The next phrase is \u2018High quality.\u2019 See below for the graphical representation of the survey results:<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-14 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"661\" height=\"526\" alt=\"Colors associated with High Quality objects and\/or goods\" title=\"Colors associated with High Quality objects and\/or goods\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.38.13-PM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7987\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.38.13-PM-200x159.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.38.13-PM-400x318.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.38.13-PM-600x477.png 600w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.38.13-PM.png 661w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 661px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-48\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 4.6<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0Color associations with High Quality<\/h6>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-49\"><p class=\"text\" align=\"justify\">As you can see, this is dominated by black and blue (together totaling 63% of the votes). This is another example presenting the differences between this survey and the results of Birren\u2019s study. Birren states in his Modern American Color Associations table that Black represents spatial darkness, night, morning, funeral, depression, negation of spirit and death (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 143<\/em><\/span><\/a>). Although he may be correct, there\u2019s no indication that black, to him, represents anything close to high-quality. There are two reasons for this: first, I believe he is only writing about abstract associations. Second, he mentions black with regards to the ease of seeing the object. He states that colors like blue, purple, and black cannot be clearly focused on at distances. Furthermore, the aforementioned colors (especially black) are very hard to see as the level of light is lowered.<\/p>\n<p class=\"text\" align=\"justify\">High technology is the last phrase examined under the object heading. High technology is used because it carries (through mass media) characteristics of high quality. In addition to high quality, high technology seems synonymous with reliability and dependability. Below are two pie charts that present the survey results for high-technology and reliability \/ dependability.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-15 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"667\" height=\"552\" alt=\"Colors associated with High Technology\" title=\"Colors associated with High Technology\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.39.42-PM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7988\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.39.42-PM-200x166.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.39.42-PM-400x331.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.39.42-PM-600x497.png 600w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.39.42-PM.png 667w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 667px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-50\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 4.7<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0Color associations with High Technology<\/h6>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-16 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"672\" height=\"544\" alt=\"Colors associated with Reliability \/ Dependability\" title=\"Colors associated with Reliability \/ Dependability\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.39.51-PM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7990\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.39.51-PM-200x162.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.39.51-PM-400x324.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.39.51-PM-600x486.png 600w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-17-at-3.39.51-PM.png 672w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 672px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-51\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 4.8<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0Color associations with Reliability \/ Dependability<\/h6>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-52\"><p class=\"text\" align=\"justify\">When reviewing the charts for \u2018high quality,\u2019 \u2018high technology\u2019 and \u2018reliability \/ dependability\u2019 one can see similarities. The two colors that most represent these three characteristics (according to the data) are black and blue.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-20 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-49 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-20 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Personality<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-50 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-53\"><p align=\"justify\"><span class=\"text\">Color and personality could be a research project on its own. That said, I think it\u2019s important to touch on the survey data and document some clear discoveries, but not to dive head-first into an area that needs a lot of attention to be done well. Three questions were asked in regards to color and personality: What color would you associate with courage\/bravery? What color would you associate with fear\/terror? And what color would you associate with fun? <\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span class=\"text\">Courage \/ Bravery had an interesting result. See below for the results of the survey data:<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-17 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"682\" height=\"518\" alt=\"Colors that are associated with Courage \/ Bravery\" title=\"Colors that are associated with Courage \/ Bravery\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.18.26-AM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7994\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.18.26-AM-200x152.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.18.26-AM-400x304.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.18.26-AM-600x456.png 600w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.18.26-AM.png 682w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 682px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-54\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 4.9<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0Color associations with Courage \/ Bravery<\/h6>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-55\"><p align=\"justify\"><span class=\"text\">As you can see the colors blue, red and purple are fairly even in terms of percentage of results. Birren notes that purple has a historically close association with dignity. The phrase courage \/ bravery carry a close association with the word dignity in the United States. Birren\u2019s study associates blue to the American flag and the armed services. He also states that red associates with the American flag and the fourth of July (<\/span><span class=\"real-small-text\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 143<\/em><\/a><\/span><span class=\"text\">).<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span class=\"text\">The next personality characteristic is fear and\/or terror. See below for the results of the survey data:<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-18 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"548\" height=\"513\" title=\"Colors associated with Fear \/ Terror\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.20.32-AM.png\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7995\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.20.32-AM-200x187.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.20.32-AM-400x374.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.20.32-AM.png 548w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 548px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-56\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 4.9<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0Color associations with Fear \/ Terror<\/h6>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-57\"><p><span class=\"text\">The colors red and black govern this pie chart. Combined they assume 79% of the vote and are fairly equal in proportion. Birren associates blood, fire, danger, rage, and fierceness to red, while at the same time associating mourning, funereal, ominous, deadly, and death to black (<\/span><span class=\"real-small-text\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 143<\/em><\/a><\/span><span class=\"text\">). It\u2019s understandable that this pie chart contain the responses it does. One hypothesis for the 40-40 split in this section may have to do with the wording of the question. That is, one color may represent the word fear and the other terror. Since the two words were combined, there is no way to discover the reasoning without asking the simplified question.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-19 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"597\" height=\"549\" alt=\"Colors that are associated with Fun\" title=\"Colors that are associated with Fun\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.23.23-AM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7997\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.23.23-AM-200x184.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.23.23-AM-400x368.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.23.23-AM.png 597w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 597px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-58\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 5.1<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0Color associations with Fun<\/h6>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-59\"><p class=\"text\" align=\"justify\"><span class=\"text\">Associations like: exciting, mystic, jovial, cheerful, peaceful, melancholy, youthful correlate to red, purple, orange, yellow, green, blue, and white respectively in Birren\u2019s study (<\/span><span class=\"real-small-text\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 143<\/em><\/a><\/span><span class=\"text\">). In Cailin Boyle\u2019s book <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">Color Harmony for the Web<\/a><\/em>, Ms. Boyle states that use of primary colors help to produce lively and energetic web sites. The pie chart above contains all the primary colors and lacks both black and grey. Birren goes into more detail about this later in his book when he states, \u201cThe order in childhood, therefore, is red, blue, green, violet, orange, and yellow.\u201d (<\/span><span class=\"real-small-text\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 176<\/em><\/a><\/span><span class=\"text\">)<\/span><span class=\"text\">. Although the results listed in the color survey data set don\u2019t completely match the exact order of colors listed by preference, the colors noted by Birren for children are all present.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-21 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:#e6e6e6;\" id=\"method\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-51 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:9.6%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:9.6%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-21 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Navigation<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-52 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-7 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-4\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-1-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-4\" class=\"menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7957\"><a href=\"#\">Start<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7948\"><a href=\"#edu\">Color Education<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7949\"><a href=\"#methodology\">Methodology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7950\"><a href=\"#associations\">Associations<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7951\"><a href=\"#pref\">Preferences<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-53 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-8 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-5\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-association-menu-2-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-association-menu-5\" class=\"menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7952\"><a href=\"#phych\">Psychology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7953\"><a href=\"#online\">Online activities<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7954\"><a href=\"#conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7955\"><a href=\"#datasets\">Data sets<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7956\"><a href=\"#credits\">Credits<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-22 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:0px;--awb-padding-right:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:0px;--awb-background-color:#da3b01;\" id=\"pref\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1200px + 0px );margin-left: calc(-0px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-0px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-54 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:10px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:0px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:0px;--awb-spacing-left-small:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-22 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h1><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Preferences<\/span><\/h1><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-23 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-55 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-23 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Favorite color<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-56 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-60\"><p align=\"justify\">Our preference for a specific color can be related to how we feel in any situation, how we want to feel, and even how we remember certain experiences (to name a few). This section, which is closely associated with the previous section <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/associations.html\">color Associations<\/a>, presents the survey participants preferences and how they vary between age groups and gender. This first section examines the question of favorite color for all participants regardless or gender or age. Figure 6.1 below presents this information in graphical form.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-20 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"673\" height=\"531\" alt=\"Favorite color\" title=\"Favorite color\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.34.06-AM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7999\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.34.06-AM-200x158.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.34.06-AM-400x316.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.34.06-AM-600x473.png 600w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.34.06-AM.png 673w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 673px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-61\"><h6 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#credits\">Figure 6.1<\/a> &#8211;\u00a0Favorite Color<\/h6>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-62\"><p align=\"justify\">Blue, for this group of people, is the most favored choice of the 8 colors available. Blue is an interesting color in that people tend to choose it as a favorite, but it is usually associated with sadness and depression. Birren notes that blue is commonly associated with adjectives like cold, subduing, sober, gloom and fearfulness (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 143<\/em><\/span><\/a>). Although some studies have suggested that blue can represent feelings that are sad or not happy, people tend to like the hue of blue (and like colors) because they have a calming and relaxing affect.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-24 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-57 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-24 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Favorite color by gender<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-58 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-63\"><p align=\"justify\">When this data is examined further and filters of gender and age are applied, some interesting results surface. The two pie charts below represent favorite colors of each gender.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-21 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"587\" height=\"527\" alt=\"Female - Favorite Color\" title=\"Female &#8211; Favorite Color\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.38.44-AM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-8002\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.38.44-AM-200x180.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.38.44-AM-400x359.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.38.44-AM.png 587w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 587px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-22 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"545\" height=\"525\" title=\"Male &#8211; Favorite Color\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.39.35-AM.png\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-8003\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.39.35-AM-200x193.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.39.35-AM-400x385.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.39.35-AM.png 545w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 545px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-64\"><p align=\"justify\">A review of color studies by Eysenck in the early 1940\u2019s notes that St. George (1938) maintained that blue for men stands our far more than for women. Related to different colors, Eysenck\u2019s study also found that the most significant gender difference is yellow being preferred to orange by women and orange to yellow by men. Natalia Khouw states, \u201cthis finding was reinforced later by Birren in 1952 who found men preferred orange to yellow; while women placed orange at the bottom\u201d (<span class=\"real-small-text\"><em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">The Meaning of Color for Gender, 1<\/a><\/em><\/span>). Both these published results correlate to the survey results collected in this study.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-25 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-59 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-25 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Favorite color by\u00a0age group<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-60 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-65\"><p align=\"justify\">Color preferences differ by the age of the participant. Birren states in his book that blue and red maintain a high preference throughout life, but colors seem to drop down the list while other colors become more preferred. Yellow, for example, is well liked by children, but begins to drop away by people as they become adults. Birren states, \u201cWith maturity comes a greater liking for hues of shorter wave length (blue, green, purple) than for hues of longer wave length (red, orange, and yellow)\u201d (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 176<\/em><\/span><\/a>). Below is a graphical representation of the survey results for a favorite color by age group.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-23 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"975\" height=\"667\" alt=\"Favorite color by age group\" title=\"Favorite color by age group\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.42.03-AM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-8005\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.42.03-AM-200x137.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.42.03-AM-400x274.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.42.03-AM-600x410.png 600w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.42.03-AM-800x547.png 800w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.42.03-AM.png 975w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 975px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-66\"><p align=\"justify\">As you can see, blue, green, and purple make up the majority of responses. What\u2019s interesting is the preference of green in the younger age groups and the preference of purple in the older age groups. One could say, by looking at this graph alone, that as people become older their preference for purple increases, while their preference for green decreases. Previous academic or research publications regarding this specific anomaly were not found during this project so the ability to compare and contrast these results with other results isn\u2019t possible at this time. M. M. Terwogy and J. B. Hoeksma did a research study on colors and emotions with regards to preferences and combinations and they noted that as people get older, their preferences are likely to change as a result of social and cultural influences. They state, \u201cAs children grow up they learn that the expression of anger is often punished. They also learn that the color black (within Western culture) is associated with mourning.\u201d (<a class=\"real-small-text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><em>Color and Emotions, 7<\/em><\/a>) They also state that the effects of color preferences are still present at later stages of life, but these preferences are outweighed by other (as yet unidentified) factors (<a class=\"real-small-text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><em>Color and Emotions, 16<\/em><\/a>).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-26 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-61 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-26 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Least favorite color<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-62 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-67\"><p align=\"justify\">The least favorite color graph (shown below) was mentioned on the \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/associations.html\">color Associations<\/a>\u201d page along with what people tend to associate cheap and inexpensive. Below is a graphical representation of the survey results for least favorite color for all ages and both sexes.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-24 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"669\" height=\"512\" alt=\"Least favorite color\" title=\"Least favorite color\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.07.06-AM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-8011\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.07.06-AM-200x153.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.07.06-AM-400x306.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.07.06-AM-600x459.png 600w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.07.06-AM.png 669w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 669px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-68\"><p align=\"justify\">As you can see orange, brown, and yellow comprise the majority of responses. As you\u2019ve already read, yellow (according to Birren) tends to drop from preferred to disliked as a person grows older. Also, Birren stated in 1951 that women tend to put orange at the bottom of their preference list. Brown, being a darker hue of orange may share some similarities with orange. An interesting detail about orange is the love \/ hate relationship people have with it as a color. According to the survey results, orange took 28% of the votes when associated with \u201cFun.\u201d Also, according to Birren the adjectives that his participants gave to orange are: bright, luminous, glowing, warm, metallic, autumnal, jovial, lively, energetic, hilarity and exuberance. All of these adjectives, to me, seem positive. One hypothesis could be that the dislike of the color orange is of stylistic consequence. That is, orange may be going through a period of being out of style, at least in comparison to blue or green.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-27 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-63 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-27 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Least favorite color by gender<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-64 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-69\"><p align=\"justify\">The two pie charts below represent favorite colors of each gender.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-25 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"621\" height=\"556\" alt=\"Female - Least Favorite Color\" title=\"Female &#8211; Least Favorite Color\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.10.02-AM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-8013\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.10.02-AM-200x179.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.10.02-AM-400x358.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.10.02-AM-600x537.png 600w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.10.02-AM.png 621w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 621px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-26 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"595\" height=\"537\" title=\"Male &#8211; Least Favorite Color\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.11.43-AM.png\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-8014\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.11.43-AM-200x181.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.11.43-AM-400x361.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.11.43-AM.png 595w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 595px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-builder-row-inner fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-0 fusion_builder_column_inner_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:2.56%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:2.56%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-70\"><p>The aforementioned issues with orange, brown and yellow are supported by the pie charts for both Females and Males. The male participants gave 22% of their vote to purple which I found interesting because 20.4% of males stated that purple represented courage and bravery. This shows some inconsistency between the members of the Male participants. Women, on the other hand, only gave 8% of their vote to purple as their least favorite color. And 34.3% of women associated purple with courage or bravery. This gender difference is interesting and I believe it&#8217;s caused by cultural changes in color association. Birren wrote his book in 1951 and then revised it in 1962; he notes that the participants in his study associated dignity as one of the adjectives in defining purple. This may be related to the \u201cPurple Heart Medal\u201d which is given by the US Military to any member who is wounded or killed in the line of duty.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-1 fusion_builder_column_inner_1_4 1_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:25%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:7.68%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:25%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:7.68%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-27 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"94\" height=\"150\" alt=\"Purple Heart\" title=\"Purple Heart\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/purple-heart.jpg\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-8016\"\/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-28 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-65 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-28 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Least favorite color by\u00a0age group<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-66 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-71\"><p align=\"justify\">In the \u201cFavorite color by Age Group\u201d section above, I wrote about Birren\u2019s comments about age and color. Subsequent to the bar chart below, I examine this studies results with Birren\u2019s notes regarding age and color.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-28 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"955\" height=\"652\" alt=\"Least Favorite Color by Age Group\" title=\"Least Favorite Color by Age Group\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.18.11-AM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-8018\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.18.11-AM-200x137.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.18.11-AM-400x273.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.18.11-AM-600x410.png 600w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.18.11-AM-800x546.png 800w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.18.11-AM.png 955w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 955px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-72\"><p align=\"justify\">Birren seems to be correct about the color orange and its lack of popularity among older people. The bar chart shows orange increasing as part of the whole throughout the age groups of the participants. This survey\u2019s results regarding the color yellow also correlate well with Birren\u2019s data. As you can see, yellow slowly becomes less popular as age increases. (Note \u2013 the age group of 70+ participants only consists of 5 people. That might be why the graph seems to lose consistency near the upper age groups.)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-29 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:#e6e6e6;\" id=\"method\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-67 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:9.6%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:9.6%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-29 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Navigation<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-68 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-9 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-4\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-1-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-5\" class=\"menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7957\"><a href=\"#\">Start<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7948\"><a href=\"#edu\">Color Education<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7949\"><a href=\"#methodology\">Methodology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7950\"><a href=\"#associations\">Associations<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7951\"><a href=\"#pref\">Preferences<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-69 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-10 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-5\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-association-menu-2-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-association-menu-6\" class=\"menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7952\"><a href=\"#phych\">Psychology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7953\"><a href=\"#online\">Online activities<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7954\"><a href=\"#conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7955\"><a href=\"#datasets\">Data sets<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7956\"><a href=\"#credits\">Credits<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-30 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:0px;--awb-padding-right:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:0px;--awb-background-color:#ffb900;\" id=\"phych\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1200px + 0px );margin-left: calc(-0px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-0px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-70 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:10px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:0px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:0px;--awb-spacing-left-small:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-30 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h1><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Psychology<\/span><\/h1><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-31 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-71 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-31 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Color and the mind<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-72 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-73\"><p class=\"text\">According to Britannica, the most important aspect of color in daily life is probably the one that is least defined and most variable. It involves aesthetic and psychological responses to color and influences art, fashion, commerce, and even physical and emotional sensations <span class=\"real-small-text\">(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">Britannica: &#8220;<em>color<\/em>&#8220;<\/a>) <\/span>. Before we go into details about color psychology it\u2019s important to understand that the psychological perception of color is subjective, and only general comments about its characteristics and uses are going to be made.<\/p>\n<p class=\"text\">The first step is to note that colors are not universal to all humans in all cultures. Some languages don\u2019t have specific words for green, blue, yellow or orange. In a related example, Eskimos use 17 words for white as applied to different snow conditions, where in the Northwest United States there are only 4 or 5. Like color terminology, color harmony, color preferences, color symbolism, and other psychological aspects of color are culturally conditioned, and they vary considerably with both place and historical period <span class=\"real-small-text\">(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">Britannica: &#8220;<em>color<\/em>&#8220;<\/a>)<\/span>. Another example of cultural difference could be the colors that are associated with mourning. In the United States, black is associated, but in other cultures around the world colors like white, purple, and gold are used during the mourning period <span class=\"real-small-text\">(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">Britannica: &#8220;<em>color<\/em>&#8220;<\/a>)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"text\">color symbolism is important in art, religion, politics, and ceremonials. Symbols that carry strong emotional connotations can affect color perceptions so that, for example, an apple or heart shaped figure cut from orange paper may seem to have a redder hue than a geometric figure cut from the same paper because of the specific psychological meaning that is associated with the shape <span class=\"real-small-text\">(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">Britannica: &#8220;<em>color<\/em>&#8220;<\/a>)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"text\">Factors like age, mental health, and mood affect the colors we see. People who share distinct personal traits then to share color perceptions and preferences (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 176<\/em><\/span><\/a>). For example, people with schizophrenia have been reported to have abnormal color perception and even very young people (who are learning to distinguish colors) usually show a preference for red or orange (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 168<\/em><\/span><\/a>). Furthermore, it has even been suggested that specific colors can have a therapeutic effect on physical and mental disabilities <span class=\"real-small-text\">(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">Britannica: &#8220;<em>color<\/em>&#8220;<\/a>)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"text\">A researcher named Gilbert Brighouse conducted a study where several hundred college students were tested to determine if their reaction times would differ depending on the color of light they were under. He found that the reactions of the students were 12% faster than normal under red light, while green light retarded their responses (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 144<\/em><\/span><\/a>). By this thinking, it could be said that humans are more likely to respond quicker under bright light than under dim light. D. B. Harmon stated in 1944 that most living things tend to orient themselves toward light or toward brightness. Also, as the energy of stimulation goes up, response tendency goes with it. In his opinion, therefore, bright environments will condition the organism for what he calls avoidant (big-muscle) activity (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 144<\/em><\/span><\/a>). This suggests (to Birren) that brilliance of light may hinder more sedentary tasks or mental activity. Birren concludes by stating, \u201cActivities of a muscular nature are better performed in bright light and amid bright surroundings. Exacting mental and visual task are better performed with softer and deeper colors in the environment (though with ample illumination over the task) (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 144<\/em><\/span><\/a>).<\/p>\n<p class=\"text\">Birren, who I\u2019ve referenced throughout this study, writes two very interesting sections in his book that relate to the psychological effects of red and blue. Birren writes about the much quoted work of Ludwig and Von Ries and their research regarding the growth of rats under red and blue light. The rats that grew under the blue light developed at the same pace as rats that grew under normal day light. However, the rats that grew under the red light started out slow, and then exceeded the weight of the blue light rats. Another researcher named Ellinger points out, \u201cFollowing exclusion irradiation with red light, young mice eventually die, apparently due to vitamin deficiency.\u201d (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 168<\/em><\/span><\/a>)<\/p>\n<p class=\"text\">In his notes about blue light, Birren states, \u201cTo some extent blue light is antagonistic to red. It is said to promote oxidation in the tissues and to retard hormonal activity. It has little effect upon the skin but is slightly germicidal. It would seem only logical that antiseptics meant to be applied to the skin should be blue, not red or brown, in order to assure the absorption of red radiation.\u201d (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 128<\/em><\/span><\/a>) Because I don\u2019t have a background in science I am unable to identify the accuracy of Birren\u2019s last statement. I think that this would be a good topic for future research if someone were so inclined to take it on. From this information, Birren notes that red will stimulate the autonomic nervous system, while blue will tend to relax it. The equilibrium of the body, pulse rate, heart action, respiration, nervous tension, and even digestion will all be affected by both red and blue light (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 147<\/em><\/span><\/a>).<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"text\">The last part of the color psychology section will focus on time, length, and weight estimations by humans under the influence of different colors. According to Goldstein (a researcher named in Birren\u2019s book), red light is likely to be a factor in overestimating time. Conversely, green and blue tend to be a factor in time being underestimated. By this thinking, cool hues might be the best where routine and monotonous tasks are performed, such as in offices and factories. Warm hues would be suitable for living rooms, restaurants and cocktail lounges \u2013 where time in apparent \u201cslow motion\u201d might be more pleasurable (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 146<\/em><\/span><\/a>). Related to this, the length of an object (or how we perceive the length of an object) is less correct in red light, and more correct under green and blue lights. In other words, things are likely to seem longer and bigger under warm light and shorter and smaller under cool light. Finally, weight is judged as lighter under bright lights and heavier under darker lights.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-32 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:#e6e6e6;\" id=\"method\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-73 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:9.6%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:9.6%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-32 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Navigation<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-74 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-11 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-4\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-1-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-6\" class=\"menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7957\"><a href=\"#\">Start<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7948\"><a href=\"#edu\">Color Education<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7949\"><a href=\"#methodology\">Methodology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7950\"><a href=\"#associations\">Associations<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7951\"><a href=\"#pref\">Preferences<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-75 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-12 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-5\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-association-menu-2-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-association-menu-7\" class=\"menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7952\"><a href=\"#phych\">Psychology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7953\"><a href=\"#online\">Online activities<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7954\"><a href=\"#conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7955\"><a href=\"#datasets\">Data sets<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7956\"><a href=\"#credits\">Credits<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-33 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:0px;--awb-padding-right:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:0px;--awb-background-color:#5c2d91;\" id=\"online\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1200px + 0px );margin-left: calc(-0px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-0px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-76 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:10px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:0px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:0px;--awb-spacing-left-small:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-33 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h1><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Online activities<\/span><\/h1><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-34 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-77 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-34 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Activities and color<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-78 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-74\"><p>In the survey, questions regarding the importance of a variety of online activities (e.g. shopping &amp; communicating, to name a few) were asked, and this part of project will focus on possible color combinations to help designers make better color choices for using, or not using, specific colors. To begin, let\u2019s take a look at the reasons people use the Internet. The graph below presents the survey data for the questions regarding the importance of online activities. The scores in this graph are averages of all the results with no filters applied to age groups or gender.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-29 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1185\" height=\"618\" alt=\"Importance of online activities\" title=\"Importance of online activities\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.43.18-AM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-8027\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.43.18-AM-200x104.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.43.18-AM-400x209.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.43.18-AM-600x313.png 600w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.43.18-AM-800x417.png 800w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-20-at-11.43.18-AM.png 1185w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 1185px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-75\"><p>As you can see, shopping, communicating, research, news, weather, and downloading music are the highest in the ranking. To tie in the discoveries listed in the preceding pages, I\u2019m going to suggest two scenarios where an organization needs a new color scheme for their web site. The first site is an online store that caters to people who purchase children\u2019s toys and gifts. This e-commerce store only makes a small profit on each transaction, so they need to move a lot of product to maintain financial buoyancy. The second site is designed for women with breast cancer. The site is owned by a non-profit company and is made available for anyone who wants to learn more about the disease, donate money to the cause, and\/or communicate with others who have suffered, or are currently suffering, from the ailment. Although both organizations use the Internet to communicate to their publics, their goals are completely different.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-35 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-79 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-35 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>The toy store<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-80 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-76\"><p class=\"text\" align=\"justify\">As we learned in the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/associations.html\">associations<\/a> section of this report, people associate several colors to the word <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/associations.html#5_1\">fun<\/a>. Most of which are the primary and secondary colors red, blue, yellow, green, purple, and orange. Cailin Boyle, who is mentioned in the education section of this site, states in her book <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">Color Harmony for the Web<\/a> that the use of bright and highly saturated colors can help make a corporate identity fun, accessible, and exciting <span class=\"real-small-text\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">(Color Harmony 130)<\/a><\/span>. Part of doing this would be to use colors that are bright and full of energy. Colors like red, orange and yellow all give off a high level of energy and would bring an exciting atmosphere to the project.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span class=\"text\">Alongside the need to produce a site that\u2019s friendly, the online store needs to have a color combination that promotes a quick transaction. Red is shown as the major color choice when associated with <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/associations.html#4_3\">speed<\/a> on the color <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/associations.html\">associations<\/a> section of this site. Also, as stated in the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/psychology.html\">psychology<\/a> section, the color red is known to affect the mental processes of a human. Although I don\u2019t know if this is the absolute truth, one could say from reading Birren that the use of red would help take some of the contemplation out of the decision. Getting people to find something and quickly make a purchase is the goal of this store. Boyle, in describing Neiman Marcus\u2019s web site design stated that they used bright color palettes that create excitement about the new products\u2026and their medium created a sense of ongoing newness critical for a successful e-commerce site <\/span><span class=\"real-small-text\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\">(Color Harmony 44)<\/a><\/span><span class=\"text\">. Yellow is another color that can be relied on in this situation. Although children tend to like the color yellow more than adults do, the use of yellow is necessary to maintain a child-like theme. Although we may not be conscious of the popularity of this color and its dependence on age, we all know that children tend to enjoy bright and highly active colors.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-36 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-81 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-36 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Breast cancer awareness<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-82 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-77\"><p class=\"text\" align=\"justify\">The majority of people who have, or had, breast cancer are female and tend to be older than 30 years of age. These two criteria are fundamental when choosing a safe color scheme for a topic of great importance. Luckily, this survey consisted of 62% female participants. By looking at the favorite colors by age group, the courage \/ bravery pie chart, the fear \/ terror pie chart, and the fun pie chart we can get a good idea of what colors to use. To begin, the bar graph for favorite color by age group and the favorite color for female pie chart are listed below.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-30 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"975\" height=\"667\" alt=\"Favorite color by age group\" title=\"Favorite color by age group\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.42.03-AM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-8005\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.42.03-AM-200x137.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.42.03-AM-400x274.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.42.03-AM-600x410.png 600w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.42.03-AM-800x547.png 800w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.42.03-AM.png 975w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 975px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-31 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"587\" height=\"527\" alt=\"Female - Favorite Color\" title=\"Female &#8211; Favorite Color\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.38.44-AM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-8002\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.38.44-AM-200x180.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.38.44-AM-400x359.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.38.44-AM.png 587w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 587px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-78\"><p class=\"text\" align=\"justify\">As you can see, the colors older females tend to favor are blue, purple and green. From the studies Birren performed, and written about in the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/associations.html\">associations<\/a> section, the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/preferences.html\">preference<\/a> section, and the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/psychology.html\">psychology<\/a> section, blue is known for being a favored color, but is also associated with depression, gloom, and fearfulness (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/edu\/COM498\/credits.html\"><span class=\"real-small-text\"><em>Color Psychology and Color Therapy, 143<\/em><\/span><\/a>). Blue also tends to be a cold and unenergetic color. For these reasons alone, the heavy use of blue may be a poor choice. Green represents life, nature and restfulness, but also can be associated with guilt and disease according to Birren. Purple is often associated with dignity and courage, a combination of words that may give hope to those with cancer. Below is the graph depicting the survey results for courage and bravery.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-32 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"682\" height=\"518\" alt=\"Colors that are associated with Courage \/ Bravery\" title=\"Colors that are associated with Courage \/ Bravery\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.18.26-AM.png\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7994\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.18.26-AM-200x152.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.18.26-AM-400x304.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.18.26-AM-600x456.png 600w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.18.26-AM.png 682w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 682px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-79\"><p class=\"text\" align=\"justify\">As you can see red, purple, and blue all play a role in the representation of courage and bravery. Aside from courage and bravery, Red, according to the survey participants, is closely associated with speed, fun, and fear \/ terror. See below for the pie chart representing the votes for fear and terror.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-33 hover-type-none\" class=\"image-magnify\" class=\"image-scroll\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"548\" height=\"513\" title=\"Colors associated with Fear \/ Terror\" src=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.20.32-AM.png\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7995\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.20.32-AM-200x187.png 200w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.20.32-AM-400x374.png 400w, https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2014\/06\/Screen-Shot-2017-04-19-at-11.20.32-AM.png 548w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 548px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-80\"><p class=\"text\" align=\"justify\">Red might be a color to avoid for a project like this. The last thing we need is the users of a breast cancer awareness site feeling a sense of fear or terror. This leaves Purple as the best single choice for a color. Different hues of purple include pink and magenta and are currently included in many medical color schemes today (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.komen.org\/bci\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.komen.org\/bci\/<\/a> for example).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-37 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:#e6e6e6;\" id=\"method\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-83 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:9.6%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:9.6%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-37 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Navigation<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-84 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-13 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-4\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-1-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-7\" class=\"menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7957\"><a href=\"#\">Start<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7948\"><a href=\"#edu\">Color Education<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7949\"><a href=\"#methodology\">Methodology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7950\"><a href=\"#associations\">Associations<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7951\"><a href=\"#pref\">Preferences<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-85 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-14 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-5\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-association-menu-2-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-association-menu-8\" class=\"menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7952\"><a href=\"#phych\">Psychology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7953\"><a href=\"#online\">Online activities<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7954\"><a href=\"#conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7955\"><a href=\"#datasets\">Data sets<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7956\"><a href=\"#credits\">Credits<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-38 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:0px;--awb-padding-right:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:0px;--awb-background-color:#0078d7;\" id=\"conclusion\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1200px + 0px );margin-left: calc(-0px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-0px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-86 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:10px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:0px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:0px;--awb-spacing-left-small:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-38 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h1><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Conclusion<\/span><\/h1><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-39 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-87 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-39 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Wrapping up<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-88 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-81\"><p align=\"justify\"><span class=\"text\">This project started out with a goal to examine people\u2019s associations with colors, where their color preferences are, and how these associations and preferences differ among age, gender and culture. After the survey was built and the responses gathered, a realization set in that my goal wouldn\u2019t fully be satisfied. It was necessary to avoid the topic of cultural differences and similarities altogether. Although I was only left with gender and age, these two topics alone seemed to produce more questions than I could answer during this short 10 week quarter.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span class=\"text\">Although I feel that my research was satisfactory, I hoped to go into more detail with each topic. There are many opportunities for future research if someone were so inclined. Culture differences among participants would deliver some very interesting results. Color associations vary greatly depending on the culture. This can be taken a step further where the differences and similarities between groups of people who live in different geographical locations, but share a similar culture. For example, how do people in Alaska differ from people in Florida? How do people in Spain differ from people in Rio? One method could even use zip codes and examine differences among people in the United States and Canada. The one task that needs to take place before more research can begin is the collection of more data. With the aforementioned time constraint, my ability to collect a large sum of data was hindered. Another idea for possible future research could be the correlations between color and sound. In the research work I did I found large similarities between the feelings people have and the feelings they have around sounds and music. This might explain the popularity of music videos. I hope you enjoyed this project. If you come across any grammatical or spelling errors, or you see a reference that doesn\u2019t seem correct, please contact me.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-40 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:#e6e6e6;\" id=\"method\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-89 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:9.6%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:9.6%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-40 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Navigation<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-90 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-15 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-4\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-1-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-8\" class=\"menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7957\"><a href=\"#\">Start<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7948\"><a href=\"#edu\">Color Education<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7949\"><a href=\"#methodology\">Methodology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7950\"><a href=\"#associations\">Associations<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7951\"><a href=\"#pref\">Preferences<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-91 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-16 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-5\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-association-menu-2-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-association-menu-9\" class=\"menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7952\"><a href=\"#phych\">Psychology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7953\"><a href=\"#online\">Online activities<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7954\"><a href=\"#conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7955\"><a href=\"#datasets\">Data sets<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7956\"><a href=\"#credits\">Credits<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-41 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:0px;--awb-padding-right:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:0px;--awb-background-color:#107c10;\" id=\"datasets\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1200px + 0px );margin-left: calc(-0px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-0px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-92 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:10px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:0px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:0px;--awb-spacing-left-small:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-41 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h1><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Data sets<\/span><\/h1><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-42 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-93 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-42 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>I\u00a0<i class=\"fb-icon-element-1 fb-icon-element fontawesome-icon fa fa-heart circle-no fusion-text-flow\" style=\"--awb-iconcolor:#e91e63;--awb-iconcolor-hover:#e91e63;--awb-font-size:32px;--awb-margin-right:16px;\"><\/i>Excel<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-94 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-82\"><p>The data I collected is free to use, copy, and\/or otherwise repurpose. I just ask that you properly reference the work and\/or credit me &#8211; the author &#8211; if you decide to publish work that builds on or contradicts the findings.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:30px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div style=\"text-align:left;\"><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat button-large button-custom fusion-button-default button-1 fusion-button-default-span fusion-has-button-gradient\" style=\"--button_accent_color:#ffffff;--button_accent_hover_color:#ffffff;--button_border_hover_color:#ffffff;--button-border-radius-top-left:0px;--button-border-radius-top-right:0px;--button-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--button-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--button_gradient_top_color:#107c10;--button_gradient_bottom_color:#004b1c;--button_gradient_top_color_hover:#bad80a;--button_gradient_bottom_color_hover:#107c10;\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" title=\"H3\" href=\"http:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/wp-images\/2017\/04\/Survey-Data-2017-update.xls\"><span class=\"fusion-button-icon-divider button-icon-divider-left\"><i class=\" fa fa-file-excel-o\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><span class=\"fusion-button-text fusion-button-text-left\">Color Assignment Data Sets<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:30px;width:100%;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-43 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:#e6e6e6;\" id=\"method\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-95 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:9.6%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:9.6%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-43 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Navigation<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-96 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-17 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-4\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-1-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-9\" class=\"menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7957\"><a href=\"#\">Start<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7948\"><a href=\"#edu\">Color Education<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7949\"><a href=\"#methodology\">Methodology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7950\"><a href=\"#associations\">Associations<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7951\"><a href=\"#pref\">Preferences<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-97 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-18 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-5\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-association-menu-2-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-association-menu-10\" class=\"menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7952\"><a href=\"#phych\">Psychology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7953\"><a href=\"#online\">Online activities<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7954\"><a href=\"#conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7955\"><a href=\"#datasets\">Data sets<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7956\"><a href=\"#credits\">Credits<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-44 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:0px;--awb-padding-right:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:0px;--awb-background-color:#666666;\" id=\"credits\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:calc( 1200px + 0px );margin-left: calc(-0px \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-0px \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-98 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:10px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:0px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:0px;--awb-spacing-left-small:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-44 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h1><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Credits<\/span><\/h1><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-45 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-99 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-45 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Books +\u00a0sites<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-100 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><ul style=\"--awb-iconcolor:#00bcf2;--awb-line-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-width:27.2px;--awb-icon-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-margin:11.2px;--awb-content-margin:38.4px;\" class=\"fusion-checklist fusion-checklist-1 fusion-checklist-default type-icons\"><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-book\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>&#8220;color.&#8221; Encyclopedia Britannica 2003 Encyclopedia Britannica Online.<br \/>\n07 Mar, 2003 &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.search.eb.com\/eb\/article?eu=117710\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.search.eb.com\/eb\/article?eu=117710<\/a>&gt;.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-book\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>Boyle, Cailin., <u>Color Harmony for the Web<\/u>.<br \/>\nGloucester, Massachusetts: Rockport Publishers, Inc., 2001<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-book\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>Osgood, C.E., May, W.H. &amp; Miron, M.S. <u>Cross-Cultural Universals of Affective Meaning<\/u>.<br \/>\nChicago, Illinois: University of Illinois Press., 1975<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-book\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>Birren, Faber., <u>Color Psychology and Color Therapy<\/u>.<br \/>\nNew Hyde Park, New York: University Books, Inc., 1961<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-book\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>Hall, Bradofrd J. <u>Among Cultures: The Challenge of Communications<\/u>.<br \/>\nBelmont, California: Wadsworth Group \/ Thomson Learning, 2002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-book\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>&#8220;Trust.&#8221; <u>The American Heritage\u00ae Dictionary of the English Language<\/u>:<br \/>\n4. 2000.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-book\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>&#8220;Security.&#8221; <u>The American Heritage\u00ae Dictionary of the English Language<\/u>:<br \/>\n4. 2000.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-book\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>Gerard, R. <u>Differential effects of colored lights on psychophysiological functions<\/u>.<br \/>\nUnpublished Doctorial Dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, California. (1976)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-external-link-square\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>Khouw, Natalia. <u>The Meaning of Color for Gender<\/u>.<br \/>\nUnknown Published Location: J. L. Morton Graphics and Text | Color Matters web site<br \/>\n&lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.colormatters.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.colormatters.com<\/a>&gt;, Unknown publish date. MAR-15-2003 (Date of Access)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-46 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:30px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-101 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-46 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Art +\u00a0images<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-102 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><ul style=\"--awb-iconcolor:#00bcf2;--awb-line-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-width:27.2px;--awb-icon-height:27.2px;--awb-icon-margin:11.2px;--awb-content-margin:38.4px;\" class=\"fusion-checklist fusion-checklist-2 fusion-checklist-default type-icons\"><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-book\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>&#8220;color.&#8221; Encyclopedia Britannica 2003 Encyclopedia Britannica Online.<br \/>\n07 Mar, 2003 &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.search.eb.com\/eb\/article?eu=117710\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.search.eb.com\/eb\/article?eu=117710<\/a>&gt;.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-book\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>Boyle, Cailin., <u>Color Harmony for the Web<\/u>.<br \/>\nGloucester, Massachusetts: Rockport Publishers, Inc., 2001<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-book\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>Osgood, C.E., May, W.H. &amp; Miron, M.S. <u>Cross-Cultural Universals of Affective Meaning<\/u>.<br \/>\nChicago, Illinois: University of Illinois Press., 1975<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-book\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>Birren, Faber., <u>Color Psychology and Color Therapy<\/u>.<br \/>\nNew Hyde Park, New York: University Books, Inc., 1961<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-book\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>Hall, Bradofrd J. <u>Among Cultures: The Challenge of Communications<\/u>.<br \/>\nBelmont, California: Wadsworth Group \/ Thomson Learning, 2002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-book\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>&#8220;Trust.&#8221; <u>The American Heritage\u00ae Dictionary of the English Language<\/u>:<br \/>\n4. 2000.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-book\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>&#8220;Security.&#8221; <u>The American Heritage\u00ae Dictionary of the English Language<\/u>:<br \/>\n4. 2000.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-book\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>Gerard, R. <u>Differential effects of colored lights on psychophysiological functions<\/u>.<br \/>\nUnpublished Doctorial Dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, California. (1976)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"fusion-li-item\" style=\"\"><span class=\"icon-wrapper circle-no\"><i class=\"fusion-li-icon fa fa-external-link-square\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/span><div class=\"fusion-li-item-content\">\n<p>Khouw, Natalia. <u>The Meaning of Color for Gender<\/u>.<br \/>\nUnknown Published Location: J. L. Morton Graphics and Text | Color Matters web site<br \/>\n&lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.colormatters.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">http:\/\/www.colormatters.com<\/a>&gt;, Unknown publish date. MAR-15-2003 (Date of Access)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-47 fusion-flex-container hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:50px;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-background-color:#e6e6e6;\" id=\"method\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-103 fusion_builder_column_1_5 1_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:20%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:9.6%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:9.6%;--awb-width-medium:20%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:9.6%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:9.6%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-47 fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\"><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-left fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"awb-title-spacer fusion-no-large-visibility fusion-no-medium-visibility fusion-no-small-visibility\"><\/span><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3>Navigation<\/h3><\/h1><span class=\"awb-title-spacer\"><\/span><div class=\"title-sep-container title-sep-container-right\"><div class=\"title-sep sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#e2e2e2;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-104 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-19 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-4\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-1-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-assignment-menu-10\" class=\"menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7957\"><a href=\"#\">Start<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7948\"><a href=\"#edu\">Color Education<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7949\"><a href=\"#methodology\">Methodology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7950\"><a href=\"#associations\">Associations<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7951\"><a href=\"#pref\">Preferences<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-105 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-widget-area awb-widget-area-element fusion-widget-area-20 fusion-content-widget-area\" style=\"--awb-title-size:24px;--awb-title-color:#333333;\"><div id=\"nav_menu-5\" class=\"widget widget_nav_menu\"><div class=\"menu-color-association-menu-2-container\"><ul id=\"menu-color-association-menu-11\" class=\"menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7952\"><a href=\"#phych\">Psychology<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7953\"><a href=\"#online\">Online activities<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7954\"><a href=\"#conclusion\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7955\"><a href=\"#datasets\">Data sets<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7956\"><a href=\"#credits\">Credits<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-additional-widget-content\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Colour AssignmentThis paper was written by Joe Hallock in 2003 and was the final deliverable for his undergraduate thesis at the University of Washington. New Media Communications 498. This paper was is part of a research project with the goal of discovering cultural similarities (and differences) based on color association, preference, and internet activities. I posted a survey in late January 2003 with the goal of obtaining 500+ results. My [...]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"100-width.php","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1281"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1281"}],"version-history":[{"count":204,"href":"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1281\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8052,"href":"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1281\/revisions\/8052"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.joehallock.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1281"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}